
Researchers identified a user data-leaking vulnerability in Apple's web browser including iOS and iPadOS web browsers. The flaws are located in the IndexDB API that violates the same-origin policy.
This flaw is critical as this discloses user privacy, which doesn't require any specific user action. A tab or window that runs in the background and continually queries the IndexedDB API for available databases, can learn what other websites a user visits in real-time.
Alternatively, websites can open any website in an iframe or popup window in order to trigger an IndexedDB-based leak for that specific site.
Researchers said that, “We observed that in some cases, websites use unique user-specific identifiers in database names. This means that authenticated users can be uniquely and precisely identified. Some popular examples would be YouTube, Google Calendar, or Google Keep. All of these websites create databases that include the authenticated Google User ID and in case the user is logged into multiple accounts, databases are created for all these accounts.”
They further added that the Google User ID is an internal identifier generated by Google. It uniquely identifies a single Google account. It can be used with Google APIs to fetch the public personal information of the account owner.
The browsing sessions in private Safari windows are restricted to a single tab, which reduces the extent of information available via the leak. However, if you visit multiple different websites within the same tab, all databases these websites interact with, are leaked to all subsequently visited websites.
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